Understanding the Rayleigh instability in humping phenomenon during laser powder bed fusion process

Wenxuan Zhang; Wenyuan Hou; Luc Deike; Craig Arnold

doi:10.1088/2631-7990/ac466d

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Volume 4 Issue 1

Dec. 2021

Article Contents

Article Navigation > International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing > 2022 > 4(1): 015201

Zhang W X, Hou W Y, Luc D K, Arnold C. 2022. Understanding the Rayleigh instability in humping phenomenon during laser powder bed fusion process. Int. J. Extrem. Manuf. 4 015201.

Citation:

Zhang W X, Hou W Y, Luc D K, Arnold C. 2022. Understanding the Rayleigh instability in humping phenomenon during laser powder bed fusion process. Int. J. Extrem. Manuf. 4 015201.

Understanding the Rayleigh instability in humping phenomenon during laser powder bed fusion process

doi: 10.1088/2631-7990/ac466d

More Information

1 Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States of America;
2 Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States of America;
3 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States of America;
4 High Meadows Environmental Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States of America

Publish Date: 2021-12-08

Abstract

The periodic undulation of a molten track's height profile in laser-based powder bed fusion of metals (PBF-LB/M) is a commonly observed phenomena that can cause defects and building failure during the manufacturing process. However a quantitative analysis of such instabilities has not been fully established and so here we used Rayleigh-Plateau theory to determine the stability of a single molten track in PBF-LB/M and tested it with various processing conditions by changing laser power and beam shape. The analysis discovered that normalized enthalpy, which relates to energy input density, determines whether a molten track is initially unstable and if so, the growth rate for the instability. Additionally, whether the growth rate ultimately yields significant undulation depends on the melt duration, estimated by dwell time in our experiment.
Keywords
- additive manufacturing,
- powder bed fusion,
- dual lasers,
- undulation,
- humping

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Understanding the Rayleigh instability in humping phenomenon during laser powder bed fusion process

doi: 10.1088/2631-7990/ac466d

1 Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States of America;

2 Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States of America;

3 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States of America;

4 High Meadows Environmental Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States of America

Publish Date: 2021-12-08

Key words:

Abstract:

The periodic undulation of a molten track's height profile in laser-based powder bed fusion of metals (PBF-LB/M) is a commonly observed phenomena that can cause defects and building failure during the manufacturing process. However a quantitative analysis of such instabilities has not been fully established and so here we used Rayleigh-Plateau theory to determine the stability of a single molten track in PBF-LB/M and tested it with various processing conditions by changing laser power and beam shape. The analysis discovered that normalized enthalpy, which relates to energy input density, determines whether a molten track is initially unstable and if so, the growth rate for the instability. Additionally, whether the growth rate ultimately yields significant undulation depends on the melt duration, estimated by dwell time in our experiment.